"Ekoteni yokuqala, lapho kubhekene nesimo esinzima nesiyinkimbinkimbi samazwe ngamazwe kanye nemisebenzi enzima yezinguquko yasekhaya, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuqiniswa, zonke izifunda neminyango isebenzise izinqumo nezinhlelo ezenziwe yiKomidi Eliyinhloko le-CPC kanye noMkhandlu Wombuso, okulandelwayo. isimiso "sokuqina njengesinyathelo sokuqala" kanye "nokufuna inqubekelaphambili phakathi nokuzinza", sasebenzisa umqondo omusha wentuthuko ngendlela ephelele, enembayo nephelele, sasheshisa ukwakhiwa kwephethini entsha yentuthuko, senza imizamo yokukhuthaza intuthuko yezinga eliphezulu. , ixhumanise kangcono izimo ezimbili zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe, yahlanganisa kangcono ukuvimbela nokulawulwa kwezifo eziwumshayabhuqe kanye nentuthuko yezomnotho nezenhlalakahle, intuthuko edidiyelwe kangcono nokuvikeleka, futhi yagqamisa ukubaluleka kokuzinzisa nokusimamisa umnotho Ukuhlanganisa Kangcono ukuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane kanye nomnotho kanye nokuthuthukiswa komphakathi, ukudidiyela kangcono intuthuko nokuphepha, kanye nokugqamisa umsebenzi wokusimamisa ukukhula, ukuqashwa kanye namanani entengo; ukuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane kwenze ushintsho olusheshayo nolushelelayo, ukukhiqizwa kanye nesidingo sizinzile futhi sakhuphuka, ukuqashwa namanani ngokuvamile azinzile, imali engenayo yabantu iqhubekile nokukhuphuka, okulindeleke ezimakethe kuye kwaba ngcono ngokuphawulekayo, futhi umnotho wenze isiqalo esihle ukusebenza kwayo." UFu Linghui, umkhulumeli weNational Bureau of Statistics (NBS) kanye nomqondisi woMnyango Wezibalo Eziphelele Zomnotho Kazwelonke, uthe esithangamini nabezindaba mayelana nokusebenza komnotho wezwe kwikota yokuqala ebibanjwe uMkhandlu Wombuso. Ihhovisi Lolwazi ngo-Ephreli 18.
Ngomhla ziyi-18 kuMbasa, iHhovisi Lolwazi LoMkhandlu Wombuso labamba isithangami sabezindaba eBeijing, lapho uFu Linghui, umkhulumeli weNational Bureau of Statistics kanye nomqondisi woMnyango Wezibalo Zomnotho Kazwelonke, wethula ukusebenza komnotho wezwe engxenyeni yokuqala. ka-2023 futhi yaphendula imibuzo evela ezintathelini.
Izilinganiso zokuqala zibonisa ukuthi i-GDP yekota yokuqala yayingamayuan angu-284,997,000,000, ukwanda konyaka ngo-4.5% ngamanani avamile, kanye nokwenyuka kwe-ringgit ngo-2.2% ngekota yesine yonyaka odlule. Mayelana nezimboni, inani elengeziwe lemboni eyinhloko laliyi-RMB 11575 billion, likhuphuke ngo-3.7% unyaka nonyaka; inani elengezwe embonini yesibili lalingu-RMB 10794.7 billion, likhuphuke ngo-3.3%; kanti inani elengeziwe lemboni yemfundo ephakeme libe ngu-RMB 165475 billion, likhuphuke ngo-5.4%.
Ikota yokuqala yezimboni ibona ukukhula okuqhubekayo
"Ikota yokuqala yezimboni yabona ukukhula okuqinile. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, ngokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane ngokushesha futhi ezinzile, izinqubomgomo zokukhula ezinzile ziyaqhubeka nokubonisa imiphumela, isidingo sezimakethe siyakhula, uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngezimboni luzosheshisa. ukuvuselelwa kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni kubone izinguquko eziningi ezinhle." UFu Linghui uthe kwikota yokuqala, inani lezimboni zikazwelonke elingezwe ngaphezu kosayizi obekiwe linyuke ngo-3.0% unyaka nonyaka, lashesha ngamaphesenti angu-0.3 uma kuqhathaniswa nekota yesine yonyaka odlule. Ezigabeni ezintathu ezinkulu, inani elengeziwe lemboni yezimayini likhule ngo-3.2%, imboni yezokukhiqiza ikhule ngama-2.9%, kanti imboni kagesi, ukushisa, igesi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamanzi kanye nokuphakelwa kwempahla ikhule ngo-3.3%. Inani elengezwe embonini yokukhiqiza imishini likhule ngama-4.3%, lakhula ngesivinini ngamaphesenti angama-2.5 kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuFebhuwari. Ngokuyinhloko kukhona izici ezilandelayo:
Okokuqala, izimboni eziningi zagcina ukukhula. Ngekota yokuqala, emikhakheni yezimboni emikhulu engama-41, imikhakha engama-23 igcine ukukhula konyaka nonyaka, ngezinga lokukhula elingaphezu kwama-50%. Uma kuqhathaniswa nekota yesine yonyaka odlule, izinga lokukhula kwezimboni ezingama-20 liphinde lakhuphuka.
Okwesibili, imboni yokukhiqiza imishini idlala indima esobala yokusekela. Njengoba umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zaseShayina uqina, amandla nezinga lokukhiqiza imishini liyathuthukiswa, futhi ukukhiqizwa kugcina ukukhula ngokushesha. Ngekota yokuqala, inani elengeziwe embonini yokukhiqiza imishini likhule ngo-4.3% unyaka nonyaka, ngamaphesenti angu-1.3 amaphuzu aphezulu kunalelo lemboni ehleliwe, futhi igalelo layo ekukhuleni kwezimboni ngaphezu kobukhulu obunqunyiwe lifinyelele ku-42.5%. Phakathi kwazo, imishini kagesi, imizila yezitimela kanye nemikhumbi nezinye izimboni inani elengeziwe lenyuke ngo-15.1%, 9.3%.
Okwesithathu, umkhakha wokukhiqiza impahla eluhlaza wakhula ngesivinini. Ngokusimama kancane komnotho, ukukhula okuqhubekayo kokutshalwa kwezimali kuqinise umfutho wemboni yezimpahla ezingavuthiwe, futhi ukukhiqizwa okuhlobene nakho kugcine ukukhula okusheshayo. Ngekota yokuqala, inani elengeziwe lokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe likhuphuke ngo-4.7% unyaka nonyaka, ngamaphesenti angu-1.7 amaphuzu aphezulu kunalawo emboni esemthethweni. Phakathi kwazo, imboni yokuncibilikisa nokugingqika kwensimbi ene-ferrous kanye nemboni yokuncibilikisa nokugingqika kwensimbi engenamvubelo ikhule ngo-5.9% no-6.9% ngokulandelana. Ngokombono womkhiqizo, engxenyeni yokuqala, insimbi, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi okuyishumi okungenayo insimbi kukhuphuke ngo-5.8%, 9%.
Okwesine, ukukhiqizwa kwamabhizinisi amancane nancane kwaba ngcono. Ngekota yokuqala, inani elengeziwe lamabhizinisi amancane nancane ngaphezu kobukhulu obunqunyiwe likhule ngo-3.1% unyaka nonyaka, ngokushesha kunezinga lokukhula kwawo wonke amabhizinisi ezimboni ngaphezu kobukhulu obumisiwe. Inhlolovo yohlu lwemibuzo ikhombisa ukuthi amabhizinisi amancane nezimboni ezincane ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-Prosperity Index kunekota yesine yonyaka odlule, ukwanda ngamaphesenti angu-1.7, izimo zokukhiqiza nezimo zebhizinisi zamabhizinisi amahle zibalele ngamaphesenti angu-1.2.
"Ngaphezu kwalokho, okulindelekile kwebhizinisi ngokuvamile kuhle, i-PMI yemboni yezokukhiqiza iye yaba sebangeni lokubuka izinyanga ezintathu ezilandelanayo, imikhiqizo eluhlaza njengezimoto ezintsha zamandla kanye namaseli elanga agcine ukukhula kwamadijithi amabili, kanye nokuguqulwa kokutshala kwezimboni. iqhubekile nokho, kufanele futhi sibone ukuthi isimo samazwe ngamazwe sihlala siyinkimbinkimbi futhi sinzima, kunokungaqiniseki ekukhuleni kwesidingo sangaphandle, izingqinamba zesidingo semakethe yangaphakathi zisekhona, intengo yemikhiqizo yezimboni isalokhu yehla, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamabhizinisi. ubhekene nobunzima obuningi." UFu Linghui uthe esigabeni esilandelayo, kufanele sisebenzise izinqubomgomo nezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokusimamisa ukukhula, sigxile ekwandiseni isidingo sasekhaya, sijulise uguquko lwesakhiwo sosizo, siguqule ngamandla futhi sithuthukise izimboni zendabuko, sihlakulele futhi sikhulise izimboni ezintsha, sikhuthaze izinga eliphezulu. Izinga lebhalansi eguquguqukayo phakathi kokuhlinzeka nokufunwa, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okunempilo kwemboni.
Uhwebo lwaseShayina lwangaphandle luqinile futhi lunamandla
Ngokusho kwedatha esanda kukhishwa yiGeneral Administration of Customs, ngokuya ngamadola aseMelika, inani lokuthekelisa ngoMashi lenyuke ngo-14.8% unyaka nonyaka, nezinga lokukhula lashesha ngamaphesenti angama-21.6 uma kuqhathaniswa nelikaJanuwari-Februwari. , waba nethemba okokuqala kusukela ngo-Okthoba nyakenye; ukuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwehle ngo-1.4% unyaka nonyaka, izinga lokwehla lancipha ngamaphesenti angu-8.8 uma liqhathaniswa nelikaJanuwari-Februwari, kanti imali enqwabelene yohwebo eyatholwa ngoMashi yayingama-USD ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-88.19. ukusebenza kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngoNdasa bekungcono kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe, kuyilapho ukuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe bekubuthaka kancane kunalokho obekulindelwe. Ingabe lo mfutho onamandla uzinzile?
"Kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, ukuthengwa kwezimpahla ezivela ngaphandle kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-China kuye kwaqhubeka nokukhula ngesisekelo sesisekelo esiphezulu sangonyaka odlule, okungelula. Ngekota yokuqala, inani eliphelele lokungenisa kanye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe likhule ngo-4.8% ngonyaka- onyakeni, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kukhule ngo-8.4%, nokugcina ukukhula okushesha kakhulu. Kusho uFu Linghui.
UFu Linghui uthe esigabeni esilandelayo, ukukhula kweChina nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kubhekene nengcindezi ethile, ebonakala kakhulu kulokhu okulandelayo: Okokuqala, ukukhula komnotho emhlabeni kuntekenteke. Ngokwesibikezelo se-International Monetary Fund, umnotho womhlaba kulindeleke ukuthi ukhule ngo-2.8% ngo-2023, okuyisibalo esingaphansi kakhulu kwezinga lokukhula langonyaka odlule. Ngokwesibikezelo sakamuva se-WTO, ivolumu yokuhwebelana kwempahla emhlabeni wonke izokhula ngo-1.7% ngo-2023, ephansi kakhulu kunonyaka odlule. Okwesibili, kunokungaqiniseki okukhulu kwangaphandle. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, amazinga okwehla kwamandla emali e-United States naseYurophu abephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, izinqubomgomo zezimali ziye zaqiniswa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi ukuvezwa kwamuva nje kwezinkinga zokungabi namali kwamanye amabhange e-United States naseYurophu kuye kwabhebhethekisa ukuntengantenga kwezomnotho. . Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingozi ze-geopolitical zisekhona, futhi ukukhuphuka kohlangothi olulodwa kanye nokuvikela kuye kwakhulisa ukungazinzi nokungaqiniseki ekuhwebeni komhlaba wonke kanye nezomnotho.
"Naphezu kwezingcindezi nezinselelo, ukuhwebelana kweShayina kwamanye amazwe kubonakala ngokusimama okuqinile nokuba nempilo, futhi ngomsebenzi wezinqubomgomo ezihlukahlukene zokumisa uhwebo lwangaphandle, izwe kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele umgomo wokugqugquzela uzinzo kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga unyaka wonke." Ngokusho kukaFu Linghui, okokuqala, uhlelo lwezimboni zaseChina luphelele futhi umthamo walo wokuhlinzeka ngemakethe unamandla, ngakho-ke luyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinguquko emakethe yezidingo zangaphandle. Okwesibili, iShayina iphikelela ekwandiseni uhwebo lwangaphandle kanye nokuvulela amazwe angaphandle, ngokuqhubekayo nokwandisa indawo yohwebo lwangaphandle. Ngekota yokuqala, ukungenisa nokuthekelisa kweShayina emazweni agudle i-"Belt and Road" kukhuphuke ngo-16.8%, kanti kwamanye amazwe angamalungu e-RCEP kunyuke ngo-7.3%, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kunyuke ngo-20.2%.
Okwesithathu, ukukhula kwamandla amasha aguquguqukayo ekuhwebeni kwamazwe angaphandle kweShayina kancane kancane kubonise indima yakho ekusekeleni ukukhula kohwebo lwangaphandle. Muva nje, i-General Administration of Customs nayo ikhulume ekukhululweni ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezimoto zabagibeli zikagesi, amabhethri e-lithium namabhethri elanga akhule ngo-66.9%, nokukhula kwe-e-commerce ewela umngcele nezinye izinhlobo ezintsha zangaphandle. ukuhweba nakho kwakushesha kakhulu.
"Ngokombono ophelele, isigaba esilandelayo sokuzinzisa izinqubomgomo zokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe sizoqhubeka nokubonisa imiphumela, ehambisana nokufezekiswa kohwebo lwangaphandle unyaka wonke ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza nokuthuthukisa izinga lomgomo." Kusho uFu Linghui.
Ukukhula komnotho kwaminyaka yonke kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule kancane kancane
"Kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, umnotho waseShayina usuwonke ubulokhu usimama, izinkomba ezinkulu zisimama futhi zikhula, amandla abanikazi bamabhizinisi ayakhula, nokulindelwe kwezimakethe kuba ngcono kakhulu, ukubeka isisekelo esingcono sokufinyelela imigomo yentuthuko elindelekile unyaka wonke. ." kusho uFu Linghui. Kusho uFu Linghui.
Ngokusho kukaFu Linghui, kusukela esigabeni esilandelayo, amandla angapheli okukhula komnotho waseChina akhula kancane kancane, futhi izinqubomgomo ezinkulu zisebenza ngempumelelo, ngakho-ke ukusebenza komnotho kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthuke ngokuphelele. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi isibalo esiyisisekelo sekota yesibili yonyaka odlule sasiphansi kakhulu ngenxa yomthelela walolu bhubhane, izinga lokukhula komnotho engxenyeni yesibili yalo nyaka lingase lisheshe kakhulu kunalelo lekota yokuqala. Engxenyeni yesithathu neyesine, njengoba inani lesisekelo likhuphuka, izinga lokukhula lizokwehla lisuka kulelo kota yesibili. Uma isibalo esiyisisekelo singanakwa, ukukhula komnotho wonyaka uwonke kulindeleke ukuthi kubonise ukukhula kancane kancane. Izinto ezisekelayo zimi kanje:
Okokuqala, umphumela wokudonsa wokusetshenziswa ukhula kancane kancane. Selokhu kuqale lo nyaka, izinga lokudlelwa kwezimali belilokhu likhuphuka ngokusobala, futhi nomfutho wako wokukhula komnotho uyakhula. Izinga legalelo lokusetshenziswa kokugcina ekukhuleni komnotho liphezulu kunalelo langonyaka odlule; ngokwenziwa ngcono kwesimo sokuqashwa, ukugqugquzelwa kwezinqubomgomo zokusetshenziswa kwempahla, kanye nokwenyuka kwenani lezinto ezisetshenziswayo, umthamo wabahlali wokusebenzisa kanye nokuzimisela ukudla kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule. Ngasikhathi sinye, sikhulisa ngenkuthalo ukusetshenziswa kwenqwaba yezimoto ezisebenza ngamandla amasha kanye nezinto zikagesi zasendlini eziluhlaza nezihlakaniphile, sigqugquzela ukuhlanganiswa kokusetshenziswa ku-inthanethi nokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, sakha izinhlobo ezintsha nezindlela zokusebenzisa, futhi sisheshisa ukukhushulwa kwekhwalithi nokwanda imakethe yasezindaweni zasemakhaya, konke okuhambisana nokukhula okusimeme kokusetshenziswayo nokugqugquzela ukukhula komnotho.
Okwesibili, ukukhula kotshalomali okuzinzile kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, izifunda ezihlukahlukene zikukhuthaze ngentshiseko ukuqaliswa kokwakhiwa kwamaphrojekthi amakhulu, futhi ukutshalwa kwezimali kuye kwagcina ukukhula okuqhubekayo jikelele. Ngekota yokuqala, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwempahla engashintshi kukhule ngo-5.1%. Esigabeni esilandelayo, ngoguquko kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zendabuko, ukuthuthukiswa kokusungulwa kwezimboni ezintsha kuzoqhubeka, futhi nokwesekwa komnotho wangempela kuzokhula, okuzobe kulungele ukukhula kwezimali. Ngekota yokuqala, ukutshalwa kwezimali emkhakheni wezokukhiqiza kukhule ngama-7%, ngokushesha kunokukhula kokutshalwa kwezimali sekukonke. Phakathi kwazo, ukutshalwa kwezimali ekukhiqizeni ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu kukhule ngo-15.2%. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda kukhule ngesivinini esikhulu. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, izifunda ezihlukahlukene bezilokhu zikhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda, futhi imiphumela ibonakala kancane kancane. Ngekota yokuqala, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda kukhuphuke ngo-8.8% unyaka nonyaka, okukhuphule umfutho wentuthuko esimeme.
Okwesithathu, uguquko nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kulethe umfutho owengeziwe. I-China isebenzise ngokujulile isu lentuthuko eqhutshwa emisha, yaqinisa amandla ayo esayensi nezobuchwepheshe, futhi yakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, ngokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwamanethiwekhi e-5G, ulwazi, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa nobunye ubuchwepheshe, kanye nokuvela kwezimboni ezintsha. ; inani elengeziwe lemboni yokukhiqiza izinsimbi likhule ngama-4.3% kwikota yokuqala, futhi umfutho wezobuchwepheshe wemboni ulokhu ukhula kancane kancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ijubane lokuguqulwa kwamandla aluhlaza kanye nekhabhoni ephansi liye landa, isidingo semikhiqizo emisha sandile, futhi izimboni zendabuko ziye zanda ekongiweni kwamandla, ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinguquko, futhi umphumela wokushayela nawo uthuthukisiwe. . Ngekota yokuqala, ukukhishwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla namaseli elanga kugcine ukukhula ngokushesha. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezikhaliphile neziluhlaza kuzofaka umfutho omusha ekuthuthukisweni komnotho waseShayina.
Okwesine, izinqubomgomo ze-macroeconomic ziqhubekile nokubonisa imiphumela. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, zonke izifunda neminyango ilandele umoya weNgqungquthela Emaphakathi Yomsebenzi Wezomnotho kanye nombiko womsebenzi kaHulumeni wokuqalisa lolu hlelo, futhi inqubomgomo yezimali enhle iye yaqiniswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwenqubomgomo yezimali enobuhlakani. inembe futhi inamandla, igqamisa umsebenzi wokukhula okuqhubekayo, ukuqashwa okuzinzile namanani azinzile, futhi umphumela wenqubomgomo ubulokhu ubonakala njalo, nokusebenza komnotho kwikota yokuqala kuzinzile futhi kwaphinde kwakhula.
"Esigabeni esilandelayo, ngezinqumo nezinhlelo zeKomidi Elikhulu leKomidi Lombuso kanye nezinhlelo zokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa imininingwane, umphumela wenqubomgomo uzobonakala ngokwengeziwe, umfutho wokuthuthukiswa komnotho waseChina uzoqhubeka nokuqinisa, futhi ukhuthaze ukusebenza komnotho wokubuyisela. okuhle." Kusho uFu Linghui.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-23-2023
